Monday, May 19, 2014

Bedford Researcher-Chapter 14

Drafting is an important step to do before writing your document.  You must first write out an outline that will include the main points in the order you will put them in your paper along with the evidence to support each one of them.

You have to be clear on what your purpose is and whether you have enough evidence to represent both sides of your issue.  As you write you may find that you switch the previously planned order to accomplish whatever the goal you have set while being aware of the expectations of your audience.

By creating an informal outline it will provide you a list of bullets that you can create into topic sentences.  If you do a formal outline it will provide main topic ideas and supporting ideas for those.  This is a flexible skeleton for your paper that keeps you on track but allows you to change things as needed.

It should be obvious in each paragraph what the idea is from the start and it should be followed by evidence from a source or two and state the concluding fact.  Paragraphs should be arranged by chronology, cause/effect, pro/con, multiple views, comparison/contrast, strengths/weaknesses, costs/benefits, problem/solution, definition or description.  It must be a predictable pattern for your reader.

Details that are concrete and supported by evidence will create interest and clarity for your audience.  

Using sources effectively by paraphrasing, quoting or summarizing it will strengthen your point you are trying to bring across.  

Transitions are important.  They create flow and rhythm to your paper.  The lead the reader into introductions to new pieces of your topic.

Intros are key in engaging your reader and telling them why your paper is important to read.  Some strategies to use are:
Stating the topic
Establishing context
Stat your thesis
Define a problem
Surprising Statement
Ask a question 
Tell a story
Provide a historical account
Draw a contrast
Leading with a quotation

There are ways that you can make your paper easy for a reader to navigate through.  Some writers use a real obvious statements that tell the reader the topics being covered.  Many use headings and subheadings to mark the place.  Forecasts and cross references can be used to warn the reader of what is coming up next.  If it is digital, a menu may provided. Design principles are key in this process from the font chosen, possible bullet lists to headers and footers.

A conclusion needs to be strong.  You are to state your purpose one more time and share your thoughts. There are strategies for this:  
Offer additional analysis
Speculate about the future
Close with a question
Close with a story
Close with a quotation
Call to Action
Link it to your introduction

By using these intro and concluding strategies along with organized paragraphs and a flexible outline you will be able to create a well informed and easy to navigate research paper.   


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